![]() ![]() The polycrystalline NCG sheets have a flaw-insensitive fracture mechanism. The NCG sheets have almost constant fracture stress and strain, and the fracture strength is independent of the grain size. ![]() Moreover, the mechanical strength of NCG depends on the arrangement of the defects in the NCG film. ![]() The mechanical behavior of NCG depends on both the grain misorientation and the grain boundary rotation. ![]() The polycrystalline nanographene has randomly distributed grain orientation and size. The deposited NCG film is polycrystalline in nature. The NCG deposited by PECVD contains both sp 2- and sp 3-hybridized carbon atoms. The NCG was synthesized by direct deposition of NCG on an Si/SiO 2 substrate using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). In our earlier work, we experimentally studied the switching operation of nanocrystalline graphene (NCG) beam NEM switches. In this section, we briefly describe the geometry and operation principles of NEM switches. On the other hand, the inherently low ON current in comparison with that of CMOS devices and the high pull-in voltage of conventional NEM switches restrict their use as a viable alternative for CMOS circuits and low-power applications. Furthermore, NEM switches are expected to be robust against external disturbances such as radiation and temperature fluctuations, which makes them ideal for inhospitable environments. They are also expected to achieve abrupt switching with subthreshold swing values less than 60 mV/dec. The switching operation of such devices is mainly based on electrostatic actuation, which leads to a very low leakage current and high ON/OFF ratios. On the other hand, nanoelectromechanical (NEM) switches are being investigated because of their promise for future low-power-consumption applications. The standby power consumption of conventional complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuits increases to the dynamic ON state level as they are scaled down to the scale of a few tens of nanometers. ![]()
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